Liquefaction Processes for LNG Facilities

This technical report discusses the evolving liquefaction processes for liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities, focusing on the AP-SMRTM and AP-DMRTM processes. It outlines the increasing demand for energy security and low-carbon production methods, emphasizing the need for efficient liquefaction trains and construction methods that minimize capital expenditure (CAPEX) and time to first shipment. The report details how electrically-driven liquefaction plants can be tailored for various production capacities, highlighting the simplicity and scalability of the single mixed refrigerant (SMR) process for mid-size facilities. For larger facilities, the dual mixed refrigerant (DMR) process is presented as a more efficient option, offering improved economics and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. The report further compares equipment counts and construction schedules between the two processes, demonstrating that the AP-DMR process can achieve lower overall CAPEX and carbon intensity while supporting the global LNG demand. The findings underscore the importance of selecting the appropriate liquefaction technology based on facility size and production goals.