This document is a comparative guide that outlines the differences between the ACO REACH and MSSP models in the context of value-based care. ACO REACH is a value-based care model from the CMS Innovation Center that runs through 2026, allowing primary care organizations to take on greater accountability for the total cost of care while focusing on health equity for Medicare beneficiaries. In contrast, the MSSP is Medicare’s longest-running accountable care organization model, designed to help clinicians deliver coordinated, high-quality care to Medicare beneficiaries. The guide details how the payment structures differ, with ACO REACH offering capitation options while MSSP primarily operates on a fee-for-service basis. Additionally, it discusses eligibility criteria for new organizations and the historical stability of each model, highlighting that ACO REACH allows participation by New Entrant ACOs, whereas MSSP requires a minimum number of aligned beneficiaries. The document serves as a resource for understanding these two models and their implications for healthcare providers.