Preparing High-Performance Computing for Early Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing

This technical report addresses the integration of early fault-tolerant quantum computing (eFTQC) into high-performance computing (HPC) environments. It outlines the necessity for HPC professionals and computer scientists to invest in eFTQC to enhance computational capabilities. The report discusses the potential of eFTQC to surpass classical supercomputing limits, particularly in materials science and complex computational workloads. It details the expected advancements in quantum technology, including the development of quantum processing units (QPUs) with a significant number of logical qubits and low error rates. The report emphasizes the importance of collaboration between HPC centers and quantum technology vendors to develop hybrid workflows that leverage both classical and quantum computing strengths. It also highlights the strategic considerations for HPC centers in adopting eFTQC, including the need for an open software stack and training for users to facilitate this transition. Overall, the report serves as a roadmap for the HPC community to prepare for the future of quantum computing.