Simulating Carbon Dioxide Pipelines: Addressing Challenges and Modelling Approaches

This technical report discusses the challenges and methodologies associated with simulating carbon dioxide (CO2) pipelines, particularly in the context of carbon capture and storage (CCS) strategies. It outlines the unique properties of CO2 that necessitate specialized design and operational considerations for pipelines, including issues related to increased corrosion, higher operating pressures, and phase transitions. The report emphasizes the importance of accurate simulation models and the role of equations of state (EOS) in understanding CO2 behavior, comparing various EOS models such as Peng-Robinson, GERG 2004, BWRS, and AGA8 against a case study pipeline. It also addresses the critical parameters governing CO2 transport, such as critical pressure and temperature, and the implications of leaks in CO2 pipelines. Furthermore, the report reviews specialized pumping systems essential for efficient CO2 transportation, highlighting the need for effective monitoring systems to ensure safety and environmental responsibility.