2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage Report

This document is the 2024 United States Data Center Energy Usage Report, authored by a team from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. It outlines the energy consumption patterns of data centers across the United States, utilizing data sourced from various organizations, including Omdia Research and the Dell’Oro Group. The report discusses methodologies employed to analyze the energy usage, including an overview of IT equipment power draw and data center infrastructure. Additionally, it presents findings related to total electricity, water, and carbon estimates for data centers, along with a comparison to previous reports. The document also addresses the electricity usage associated with cryptocurrency mining and includes conclusions along with recommendations for future benchmarking initiatives and collaborations. The study is supported by the Department of Energy and aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of energy trends in U.S. data centers.