Impact of Late Medicaid Enrollment During Pregnancy

This technical report analyzes the relationship between the timing of Medicaid enrollment during pregnancy and maternal and infant health outcomes. It specifically examines the risks associated with late enrollment, particularly when enrollment occurs in the third trimester compared to the first trimester. The report outlines that pregnant women who enroll late face a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality within six weeks post-delivery and a higher risk of infant mortality during the first year of life. The findings suggest that earlier enrollment in Medicaid can facilitate timely diagnosis and care for conditions that may lead to adverse outcomes during delivery and postpartum. The report also discusses the importance of early prenatal care in mitigating health risks and highlights disparities in access to care among Medicaid beneficiaries. The analysis is based on data from a large sample of women who enrolled in an Elevance Health-affiliated Medicaid managed care plan, providing insights into the implications of enrollment timing on health outcomes.