This report examines the mobile sector taxation in Eurasia, detailing its economic impact and growth potential. It outlines the significant expansion of mobile connectivity in the region over the past decade, highlighting that unique subscriber penetration increased from 68% in 2015 to 79% in 2024, while mobile internet penetration rose from 53% to 67%. The report documents the mobile sector's contribution to the economy, noting that in 2024, mobile services accounted for 7.7% of GDP, generating $220 billion in economic value and raising $12 billion in public sector revenue through various taxes. It reviews the taxation landscape for mobile consumers and operators, identifying high tax rates and sector-specific fees that can hinder investment and service affordability. The report provides recommendations for reforming mobile sector taxation to enhance connectivity, drive digital transformation, and support socio-economic growth across Eurasian countries. It emphasizes the need for a balanced taxation approach to ensure long-term sustainability and fiscal stability in the mobile industry.