Liquid Immersion Cooling for Data Center Design

This technical report discusses the critical updates in liquid immersion cooling technology and its implications for data center design. It outlines the necessity of transitioning to liquid cooling solutions due to the increasing computational demands driven by AI systems. The report details how the exponential growth in power requirements, projected to rise significantly by 2030, necessitates a shift from traditional air cooling methods to liquid immersion cooling. It documents the substantial cost savings associated with liquid cooling, including a reduction in cooling operating expenses by over 90% and capital expenses by more than 50%. The report also addresses the challenges faced by data center leaders in adapting to these technologies and dispels common myths surrounding immersion cooling. Furthermore, it presents insights into the evolution of rack density and the importance of liquid cooling in supporting high-performance computing and AI workloads. The document serves as a comprehensive guide for data center professionals considering the adoption of liquid immersion cooling solutions.