Cyber Threats Impacting U.S. Public Safety Systems

This report is a joint analysis by the Multi-State Information Sharing & Analysis Center (MS-ISAC) and the Public Safety Threat Alliance (PSTA) that examines the persistent disruptive cyber activity affecting U.S. public safety mission-critical services. The document details the assessment of data from 2024 and incident examples from 2025, focusing on the vulnerabilities and attacks on public safety communication technologies such as dispatch systems, public safety radio, and 9-1-1 call handling. Key findings indicate that public safety agencies face increasing cyber threats, with credential abuse and vulnerability exploitation being the most common tactics employed by cyber threat actors (CTAs). The report highlights the significant impact of these cyber incidents on emergency communications and the operational efficiency of first responders. It also outlines the necessity for public safety agencies to implement robust security measures to counteract these threats and maintain operational integrity in the face of evolving cyber risks.