Guide to Quantum-Safe Cryptography for Public Institutions

This white paper discusses the implications of quantum computing on cybersecurity, particularly focusing on the need for quantum-safe cryptography (QSC) in public institutions. It outlines the potential threats posed by quantum computers, especially regarding their ability to break traditional encryption methods through advanced decryption capabilities. The document emphasizes the urgency for organizations to adopt quantum-resistant cryptographic solutions, as mandated by the Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act in the U.S. It also highlights the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity's report advocating for proactive measures against quantum threats. The paper details the importance of transitioning to post-quantum cryptography (PQC), which can coexist with classical cryptography, ensuring data security in the face of emerging quantum technologies. Furthermore, it discusses the necessity for organizations to begin preparations for these changes sooner rather than later, as the deployment of new technologies often takes longer than anticipated.