Effectiveness Comparison of Human and AI Chatbot Coaching

This research article presents a randomised controlled comparison of the effectiveness of human coaching versus AI chatbot coaching in relation to goal attainment, wellbeing, and self-efficacy. Conducted with 114 coachees, the study assesses various outcomes using established psychometric measures. The findings indicate that human coaching yields significantly better results across diverse coaching outcomes, with effect sizes in the mid-to-high range. The research emphasizes the importance of a co-regulation model, suggesting that initial self-efficacy and hope of the coachee are strong predictors of success. The article discusses the implications and limitations of these findings for human resource development (HRD) theory and practice, particularly in the context of the evolving landscape of coaching, which is increasingly influenced by digital technology and AI. The study aims to contribute to the existing literature by providing direct comparisons between coaching modalities and exploring the potential of AI in enhancing coaching accessibility and effectiveness.