Container-Based Architecture for LoRaWAN Integration

This technical report presents a container-based architecture designed to integrate Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) end nodes with Internet Protocol (IP)-based networks. The architecture leverages the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) to facilitate seamless interaction between LoRaWAN and IP-compliant nodes. It outlines two virtualization approaches: one that virtualizes a single end node per container and another that allows multiple end nodes to be virtualized within a single container. The report details the performance evaluation of these architectures, demonstrating how they adapt to both private and public LoRaWAN networks without impacting existing systems. The architecture aims to overcome the limitations of LoRaWAN, such as the lack of inter-node communication and IP compliance, by enabling routing among end nodes. Deployments using various devices, including laptops and IoT devices like Raspberry Pi, are discussed, highlighting the effectiveness of using multiple containers for optimal performance.