Fossil-Free Energy System and Chemical Industry in the Netherlands

This research article evaluates the transition to a fossil-free energy system in the Netherlands, focusing on the chemical industry. It explores the feasibility, costs, and challenges of achieving climate neutrality by 2050, assessing various scenarios using the OPERA model. The study highlights the need for aggressive action, renewable resource deployment, and strategic imports to meet EU climate goals, while addressing the significant costs associated with the transition.